Objective  To establish a rapid, simple, reproducible and high yield extraction method of Eucommia ulmoides gum particle in order to investigate its plasma membrane components, including membrane protein, fatty acid, glycolipid and the molecular weight of E. ulmoides gum.

Method  The leaf and samara of E. ulmoides were selected as extracted materials for analyzing the extraction ratio of E. ulmoides gum particle by changing centrifugal condition and number of grinding, combining with the results of light microscope and electron microscope observation.

Result  The results showed that the liquid nitrogen quick-frozen E. ulmoides samples (leaf or samara) via 6 times grind, 10 times filter, 5 000 g centrifugal force (45°constant angle) at 4℃ for 10 minutes and 8 times rinse with washing buffer could produce higher extraction yield. Under this condition, the extraction ratios of gum particle from E. ulmoides leaf and samara collected in October, 2018 were 3.70 g·kg^-1 and 5.37 g·kg^-1, respectively. Further, the morphological observations indicated the size and accumulated content of E. ulmoides gum particle appeared the change rule of increasing at first and then stabilizing and there were significant difference in grain diameter between these gum particles. The results from electron microscopy observation found that small gum particles (1 4 μm) and medium gum particles (4 7 μm) respectively from E. ulmoides leaf, samara and bark (collected in October, 2018) accounted for 39%, 53%, 98.38% and 38%, 34%, 0.12%, while the content of the large gum particles (7 11 μm) were 23%, 13%, 0.05%, respectively.

Conclusion  A modified approach is proposed to improve the extract efficiency of E. ulmoides gum particles which could be extensively applicable to extraction of gum particles from different organs and tissues of E. ulmoides.