Objective To select and establish nut and timber multipurpose Pinus koraiensis forest with high yield and excellent quality.

Method 170 P. koraiensis clones at 38 years old in the Naozhi Forest Farm in Linjiang Forestry Bureau, Jilin Province were taken as materials, the tree height, diameter at breast height, single volume, number of cone, seed weight of single cone, seed weight of single plant, thousand-seed weight, fresh cone weight and germination rate of different clones were investigated.

Result Variance analysis showed that:All the traits were significantly different (P < 0.01) among different clones except germination rate (P=0.280). The coefficients of phenotypic variation of different traits ranged from 3.57%~66.09%. Except the germination rate (R=0.07), the repeatability of all traits was higher than 0.45. There existed significantly positive correlations between tree height, diameter at breast height and single volume (0.680~0.975). Except germination rate, there existed significant positive correlation with among the seed traits (0.411~0.996). Combined the growth and fruit traits, the diameter at breast height and single volume showed a significant positive correlation with the number of cone, seed weight of single cone and seed weight of single plant. By using the method of multiple-traits evaluation, 17 clones were selected as elite trees under 10% selected rate based on growth (the genetic gain ranged from 32.20% to 79.42%) and fruit traits (the genetic gain ranged from 2.19% to 142.99%), respectively. Combined the growth and fruit traits, 17 clones were selected as elite clones with multiple-traits evaluation method, the genetic gain of different traits ranged from 2.23% to 137.44%.

Conclusion Based on the aforementioned results, using growth traits, fruiting traits and combined the growth and fruiting traits, 17 clones suitable for different breeding objectives are selected. One clone is selected as the elite clone which performs better in growth traits and fruit traits.