Abstract: Objective To study the variation of oleoresin compounds among Pinus massoniana families and their correlations among compounds in order to provides data for the genetic improving of P. massoniana.Method Eleven-year-old half-sib family of P. massoniana at Laizhou Experimental Forest Farm of Fujian Province was used as research object. The type and content of oleoresin compounds taken from xylem of stem in 1.3 m height of each sample were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Then, genetic variations in compounds of oleoresin and their genetic correlations were analyzed. Finally, the tested families were clustered based on the significant difference of compounds among families.Result The results showed that 20 oleoresin terpenoids were identified. The abundant terpenoids in oleoresin were α-pinene, β-pinene, longifolene, β-caryophyllene, pimaric acid, sandaracopimaric acid, palustric acid/levopimaric acid, dehydroabietic acid, neoabietic acid and abietic acid. Camphene and limonene in monoterpenes, longicyclene, sativene, β- and α-caryophyllene in sequiterpenes, and pimaric acid and neoabietic acid in diterpenes were revealed significantly difference among families with the family heritability ranging from 0.45 to 0.59, which suggesting these compounds can obtain better genetic improving effects through family selection. Within the class of monoterpenes, the genetic correlations among β-pinene, camphene and limonene were significant at the level of PPβ- and α-caryophyllene was also at the significant level of PConclusion In total, twenty compounds were identified from the oleoresin of xylem in P. massoniana. Eight compounds of camphene, limonene, longicyclene, sativene, β- and α-caryophyllene, pimaric acid and neoabietic acid showed larger family effect and were under moderate genetic control. Among and within the categories of monoterpenes, sequiterpenes and diterpenes, most of the stronger genetic correlation existed within the categories of monoterpenes and sequiterpenes.