Objective To study the flowering biological characteristics and pollen morphology of Pleioblastus pygmaeus.

Method Sample plots were selected for continuous observation and record among flowering P. pygmaeus. By morphological observation and scanning electron microscopy, the inflorescence and pollen of P. pygmaeus were observed for the purpose of evaluating the population and individual changes of P. pygmaeus at different flowering stages.

Result P. pygmaeus belongs to the type of flowering wholly, parts of bamboo culms would died after blossoming. It is possible for the flowering P. pygmaeus to blossom from shoot buds to old culm buds. Flower buds differentiate in late October and flourish from late March to early April. It blooms most in the morning. The flowers are opened from the base to the top in a spikelet. Glumous flowers are monochogamy, 1 glumelle and 1 lemma, 3 lodicules, 3 stamens, 1 pistil, and fruit is caryopsis. Pollen grains are spheroidal, exine is roughness, 1 aperture.

Conclusion P. pygmaeus is a kind of dwarf mixed bamboo, tending to decline after flowering, its development is slow at the early stage, and accelerates after the temperature warming up in the next year. Though it has a certain natural rejuvenation ability because it can be reproduced by seeds, but artificial planting with seeds is also necessary.