Abstract: Nutritional composition and its genetic variance of Phyllostachys iridescens shoots were studied. The results showed that crude protein, soluble sugar and crude fat were 31.73%, 5.11％, 4.44%, respectively; total amino acids were 327.81 mg.g-1, among which 35.95% were essential amino acids; mineral elements were N 5 079.31 mg·kg-1 , P 6 037.40 mg·kg-1 , K 45 169.40 mg·kg-1 g, Fe 70.68 mg·kg-1 , Zn 78.60 mg·kg-1 , Ca 168.56 mg·kg-1 , Mg 1 443.76 mg·kg-1 , Cu 17.32 mg·kg-1 , Se 0.88 mg·kg-1 , respectively. Composition of crude protein, soluble sugar and crude fat were significantly different among geographical sites, all of their genetic variance were higher than environmental variance, crude protein had the lowest genetic variance coefficient, each with broad heritability of 88.69％,63.07％and 74.74%. As for the 17 amino acids detected in shoots, Glu was top with 37.92 mg·g-1, the second was Asp with 35.45 mg·g-1, and Met was the lowest with 3.29 mg·g-1. Only Se of 9 mineral elements had a high variance coefficient of 26.51％, others were no more than 13.11%. No evident correlation existed between shoots and local soil in the amount of mineral elements among different geographical sites. Some correlation existed among 3 organic nutrition and 9 mineral elements, for example, evident positive correlation existed between crude protein to K and Zn, soluble sugar to Fe, and K to Mg.