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立体仿形红枣修剪装置设计及仿真

Design and Simulation of Three-dimensional Copying Jujube Pruning Device

  • 摘要: 针对新疆矮化密植枣园人工修剪作业环境差、劳动强度高及工作效率低等问题,设计了一种立体仿形修剪装置,实现了枣树个体树形的立体分层仿圆柱形修剪。通过对修剪刀具锯切枣枝的理论分析,建立了刀盘切割枣枝过程的运动学模型与力学模型,得到结论为:圆锯片刀盘锯切枣枝时,不发生漏切的理论临界转速为1020r/min;当刀盘直径范围为100~400mm、修剪直径范围为5~17mm时,装置理论锯切功率P为56~1309W。基于多体动力学建立刀盘转速为2000r/min,修剪装置移动速度分别为0.4、0.7、1.0、1.3m/s的4种仿真模型,并进行运动分析。结果表明:当修剪装置移动速度为1.0m/s时,刀盘运动轮廓近似于圆,圆弧曲线拟合决定系数R2为0.98,拟合度高;刀盘运动过程中,刀刃旋转1圈所需时间为0.03s,刀盘完成1次往复移动所需时间为1.4s,满足修剪装置仿圆柱形修剪要求。本研究为红枣修剪机整机的设计提供了理论依据和技术支撑。

     

    Abstract: In order to solve the problems of the tough working environment, high labor intensity, low work efficiency and expensive operating cost of dwarf-dense jujubes plantation in Xinjiang. A three-dimensional copying and trimming device was designed in this paper to realize the three-dimensional layered copy cylindrical pruning of individual jujube trees. The kinematics models and mechanics models of the cutters in the process of jujube cutting were established by theoretical analysis of pruning knives cutting jujube branches. The results showed that the theoretical critical speed was 1020 r/min without missing cutting when the circular saw blade cutter was used. When the diameter range of the cutter was 100-400 mm and the diameter range of the pruning was 5-17 mm, the theoretical sawing power P was 56-1309 W. Four simulation models based on multi-body dynamics were established with cutter rotating speed of 2000 r/min and pruning device moving speed of 0.4, 0.7, 1.0 and 1.3 m/s to conduct motion analysis. The simulation results showed that when the moving speed of the pruning device was 1.0 m/s, the contour of trajectory was approximate to a circle, and the determination coefficient R~2 of arc curve fitting was 0.98. The fitting degree was high, which met the requirements of cylindrical trimming of the pruning device. It provides theoretical basis and technical support for the design of jujube pruner.

     

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