Abstract: Filtration pretreatment of breeding wastewater can effectively remove suspended solids and other impurities in breeding wastewater, and its water distribution mode is the key factor affecting the filtration effect. In view of the current lack of effective water distribution methods in the filtration pretreatment of breeding wastewater, a new recoil jet flow uniform water distribution device was designed Based on the principle of recoil jet. From the point of view of hydrodynamics, this paper analyzes the working principle and main operating parameters of the water distribution device, and establishes the structure model of the water distribution device. Fluent simulation was used to simulate and analyze the pipe pressure and orifice flow of the water distribution device. And construct the water distribution device for experiment, to explore the influence of the structure of water distribution device on the water distribution uniformity. The results show that when the inlet pressure is 0.5 m, the water distribution unevenness degree in the Fluent simulation analysis is 3.01%, the discrete coefficients of flow errors of left and right water distribution pipe orifices of the water distribution device in the experiment are 2.11% and 3.9% respectively, and the water distribution unevenness degree is 5.58%. The water distribution device has good performance in water distribution quantity and uniformity. The simulation and experiment verify that the device has the advantages of stable water distribution and uniform water distribution, and its water distribution performance meets the requirements of water distribution device, which provides a reference for the research on filtration treatment of breeding wastewater and reducing the cost of wastewater treatment.