Abstract: In order to provide mechanical parameters for the study of cotton topping machinery, the mechanical model of cotton pole during topping was established by using the knowledge of composite material mechanics. The mechanical parameters were obtained and the compression and bending tests were carried out in different directions. The test of different components was carried out by hy-0580 microcomputer electronic universal mechanical testing machine. All mechanical elastic parameters are determined by composite material theory, through analysis and calculation, the axial compression elastic modulus E_Z=11.25 MPa, radial compression elastic modulus E_X=E_Y=3.81 MPa, opposite plane bending shear modulus G_XZ=G_YZ=0.605 MPa, same plane bending shear modulus G_XY=4.32 MPa. The three-dimensional solid modeling software is used to establish the cutting cotton pole model, which is imported into the finite element analysis software ANSYS for display dynamics analysis. The box Behnken model test method is used to optimize the factors affecting the cutting power consumption. The quadratic regression model of cutting power consumption and blade angle, blade speed and forward speed is established. The response surface of the model is analyzed and optimized to get the best structure and operation parameters. The results show that the cutting power consumption is 1.6 kW when the cutting edge angle is 31°, the rotating speed is 3394.6 r/min and the forward speed is 1.8 km/h.