Abstract: In order to solve the problem of low mechanization of garlic planting in Xinjiang, the shape differences of Jimusaer white skin garlic, Yili purple skin garlic and Jinxiang garlic in Shandong province were compared and analyzed. The 2 BU-7 garlic vertical seeder imported from Maria, Shandong province was improved and optimized. At the same time, mechanism of mulching film while laying drip irrigation belt was designed to improving the adaptability of garlic planter in arid planting areas of Xinjiang. The key components were optimized through basic data research, and the improved garlic planter was tested. The test results showed that when the forward speed of the improved garlic drip irrigation belt and film mulching planter was 2 km/h, the positive bud rate of garlic was 91.4%, the replant rate was 4.5%, the void rate was 3.2%, the garlic damage rate was 4.9%, and all performance indexes were the best. Meanwhile the longitudinal tensile rate of drip irrigation belt is 0.6%, which meets the requirement of technical specification for quality evaluation of precision seeder for drip irrigation pipe laying and film laying.