Abstract: The excavation process of the excavation shovel is the premise of the entire peanut harvesting process, mainly through the peanut excavation shovel to loosen the soil of the peanut root system and shovel the main root of peanut to achieve, but the operating environment of the excavation shovel is underground, the environment is complex and unseen, after the excavation shovel into the soil layer, its operational performance and quality can not be directly assessed, while with the development of large-scale excavation harvester, the operating environment of the excavation shovel is more complex and changeable At the same time, with the development of large-scale excavation and harvesting machines, the operating environment of the excavation shovel is more complex and variable, and the excavation resistance also increases sharply. This paper takes the wide digging shovel as the research object, and uses EDEM discrete element simulation software to conduct simulation test analysis of the working process of the wide digging shovel, and determines the design parameters of the digging shovel of the six-row flat crop（monopoly crop） peanut harvester by analyzing the changes of the resistance under different working parameters of the digging shovel and combining with the field test. The simulation test and the field test mutually verified that the overall working effect of the wide digging shovel was best when the entry angle was 24.7°, the working speed was 1.1 m/s and the shovel face length was 190 mm.