玉米采摘智能控制系统的设计与试验
Design and Experiment of Intelligent Control System for Corn Picking
-
摘要: 玉米收获机是玉米收获的重要机械,其工作参数及工作性能直接影响玉米收获机的工作效率。为此,针对目前玉米收获装置智能控制水平低、通用性差等问题,提出了一种玉米采摘智能控制系统,采用PID模糊控制对智能控制系统进行设计,并对牵引辊转速、作业速度和采摘高度进行了优化。同时,基于试验数据的预测模型对玉米采摘损失率进行预测,以降低玉米采摘损失率。田间试验结果表明:各工作部件响应迅速,超调量和稳态误差相对较小,所建立的控制策略可在不考虑工况负荷的情况下,对玉米收获机各工作参数进行优化;玉米采摘损失率为1.67%,籽粒破损率为3.38%,含杂率为1.09%,收获损失满足玉米生产标准,且系统运行正常、智能化程度高、操作方便,满足预期设计要求。研究结果可为玉米收获机自动化控制的研究提供技术参考。Abstract: Corn is one of the important food crops in my country, and corn harvester is an important machine for corn harvesting. However, the soil environment and corn growth conditions are different in different regions, and its working parameters and performance directly affect the working efficiency of corn harvester. Aiming at the low level of intelligent control and poor versatility of the current corn harvesting device,this study proposes an intelligent control system for corn harvesting. PID fuzzy control is used to optimize the intelligent control system. The optimization was carried out, and the prediction model based on the experimental data was used to predict the corn picking loss rate and reduce the corn picking loss rate. The field test results show that each working part responds quickly, and the overshoot and steady-state error of each working part are relatively small. The established control strategy can control the working parameters of the corn harvester without considering the working load. Optimization,the corn picking loss rate in the field test is 1. 67%,the grain damage rate is 3. 38%,and the impurity content rate is 1. 09%. The corn harvesting loss meets the corn production standard. The system operates normally,with a high degree of intelligence and convenient operation,which meets the expected design. Requirements,the research results provide technical reference for the research on automatic control of corn harvester.