Abstract: In order to further develop the working efficiency of agricultural turbo-charged diesel engine,the design of its electrical control system was explored. By systematically understanding the internal relationship between turbo-charged and the electrical control, the mathematical model of the diesel engine electrical control system for the agricultural tractor was built.After the optimization of the core hardware configuration and software control module, the system operation test was carried out.The results showed that through the comprehensive optimization of engine electrical control system based on turbo-charged technology, the error between the test value and the design value was less than 6. 00%,the response efficiency of the system was significantly improved,the control accuracy and operation stability meet the control requirements, the engine efficiency was relatively optimized by 7. 62%, and the resource saving was relatively improved by 9. 46%,which would be a good practical significance, and can provide a certain reference direction for the intelligent design of similar agricultural machinery and equipment.