Abstract: Aiming at the problems of high wind pressure requirements and large losses caused by the common air chamber of the existing multi-row air suction seed metering device, a single disc multi-row independent airway precise metering device is designed. By designing an airway plate with grooves close to the suction side of the seeding plate, the air chamber is divided into three independent airways, which correspond to the three seeding rows on the seeding plate, thereby reducing seeding. The wind pressure value required by the process, reducing the wind pressure loss. The simulation analysis and comparison test show that the required negative pressure value is 1kPa lower than that of the traditional air chamber seed meter when the qualified rate of seed suction reaches more than 95%.