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小型通用轮式电动底盘设计与试验

Design and Test of Small All-purpose Wheeled Electric Chassis

  • 摘要: 传统农机作业机械采用的燃油动力底盘存在传动结构复杂、体积大、整机质量大、转弯半径大、不方便运输及功能单一等问题,难以适应西南丘陵山区复杂的地形环境。为此,研制了小型遥控通用轮式电动底盘,主要由车架、驱动电机、动力电池、减速器、传动系统、控制系统及车轮组成,左右两侧车轮由链条连接各组成一组,利用差速转向方式进行转向。首先,对驱动电机和动力电池进行了匹配计算;其次,对控制系统进行了详细设计,采用STM32芯片作为控制核心,配以遥控发送和接收单元,并对转向控制方法进行了研究;最后,对电动底盘进行了田间试验。试验结果表明:电动底盘续航和爬坡能力满足丘陵山区使用要求,具备质量轻、体积小、环保、高效、续航时间长等特点,能够在多种场景下挂接不同的机具进行作业,通用性强,满足丘陵山区使用需求。

     

    Abstract: The fuel powered chassis used by traditional agricultural machinery has many problems,such as complex transmission structure,large volume,large weight of the whole machine,large turning radius,inconvenient transportation,single function and so on,which is difficult to adapt to the complex terrain environment in the hilly and mountainous areas of southwest China.Therefore,this paper developed a small remote control general wheeled electric chassis,which is mainly composed of frame,drive motor,power battery,reducer,transmission system,control system and wheels.The left and right wheels are connected by the chain and each composed of a group,using differential steering.Firstly,the matching calculation of driving motor and power battery is carried out.Secondly,the control system is designed in detail,using STM32 chip as the control core,with remote transmission and receiving unit,and the steering control method is studied.Finally,has carried on the field experiment to electric chassis,the test results show that the electric chassis and climbing ability to satisfy demands for hilly,with light weight,small volume,environmental protection,high efficiency,long battery life,etc,can be articulated different machines in a variety of scenarios for homework,strong commonality,hilly use demand.

     

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