Abstract: For the current red adzuki bean mechanized harvesting lacks special machinery and equipment, the working performance of the operating device is unreliable, and the harvested grain breakage rate And the high loss rate. Combining the agronomic requirements and physical characteristics of adzuki bean harvesting, a clamp-type adzuki bean harvesting device is designed based on the principle of low-loss harvesting. By establishing the motion model of the device, analyzing the motion characteristics of the mechanism, obtaining the motion trajectory of the end point of the disc cutter, determining the relationship between the cutter speed and the forward speed of the machine, and the clamping and cutting structure parameters. Taking the cutting angle, cutter speed, clamping gap and forward speed as the influencing factors, the influence of each factor on the change rule of the red bean harvest loss rate was obtained.The results show that: when the cutting angle is 15°, the cutter speed is 700r/min, the average clamping gap is 5mm, and the forward speed is 0.3m/s, the average loss rate is 2.31% and the harvest loss is the smallest. It can provide a reference for the research and development of mechanical harvesting technology and equipment for red bean and other grain crops.