Abstract: In order to solve the problems of high pollutant emission of traditional diesel tractors and short continuous operation time of pure electric tractors, this paper puts forward a new tractor powertrain system that uses fuel cells as the main energy source, batteries as auxiliary energy sources, and motors as the power source. The tractor ploughing vehicle model, fuel cell model, battery model and fuel cell durability model are built. In order to distribute the fuel cell and battery current reasonably, a rule-based control strategy is designed. The fuel cell and battery profit function are constructed through the differentiation of the quadratic utility function. The KKT（Karush-Kuhn-Tucker Conditions） conditions is used to maximize the profit function of fuel cells and batteries in the energy management process. The simulation results show that the designed energy management strategy can well maintain the battery SOC, reduce the performance degradation of the fuel cell, and improve the tractor ploughing mileage. The tractor with 960g of hydrogen and an initial SOC of 90% can sustain ploughing operation for 2.8 hours.