Abstract: Aiming at the problems of high labor intensity, low mechanization of potato harvesting in Hilly and mountainous areas, and the efficiency of existing potato digging shovel can not meet the actual needs, a potato digging shovel suitable for single ridge and double row planting agronomy is studied and designed. By analyzing and designing the structure of potato digging shovel, the parameters such as the digging angle of potato digging shovel is 21.5°, the opening angle of shovel blade is 19°, the shovel width is 1230mm and the shovel length is 220mm are determined; With the help of ANSYS 2020 finite element analysis software, the maximum stress and maximum strain of the potato digging shovel during simulated work are 31.491MPa and 1.5797×10^-4 and the total deformation of 0.81716mm meet the requirements; After the actual processing of potato digging shovel, the potato harvest field test was carried out. The test results showed that the potato harvest bright potato rate was 98.54%, the skin breaking rate was 1.51%, and the potato injury rate was 1.31%, which were in line with and better than the requirements of relevant national standards. The potato digging shovel designed by the Institute has achieved the expected goal, and provides a reference for the future related work.