Abstract: In order to solve the problem that sweet potato seedlings and vines are intertwined and difficult to separate, which leads to difficult harvesting, a harvesting table of sweet potato seedlings and vines harvester is designed, and the force and motion analysis of the process of cutting sweet potato stalks by serrated disc cutter and ridge-like cutter with reel wheel are carried out, and the operating parameter range is obtained. ANSYS and Solidworks are used to establish the flexible model of sweet potato stalk and the ridge-like header model of reel wheel, respectively. The rigid-flexible coupling model between the plant and the header is analyzed in ADAMS simulation software, and the cutting force generated when the cutter cuts the stalk is obtained. Taking the forward speed of the test unit, the rotating speed of the header and the cutting angle as the test factors, and the recovery rate of sweet potato seedlings as the test index, and using the Box-Behnken experimental design method in the Design-Expert 13.0 software, the model interaction and response surface analysis with the recovery rate of sweet potato seedlings as the index were established, and the regression model was established, and the optimal combination of working parameters was obtained: the forward speed of the unit was 0.801m/s, the rotating speed of the header was 50.037r/min, and the cutting angle was 123.309°. According to the optimal combination of working parameters, the field experiment was carried out, and the results showed that the average recovery rate of sweet potato seedlings was 92.83%, the relative error was less than 5%, and the optimal parameters were reasonable.