Abstract: In order to further improve the efficiency of UAV orchard comprehensive inspection, the application design based on image analysis algorithm was discussed. Starting from the core structure and principle of the UAV orchard patrol inspection system, the essential algorithm of image analysis was fully understood, then the software control and hardware configuration design was completed for the UAV orchard inspection system by establishing an effective image analysis algorithm model, the overall optimization of the UAV orchard inspection system was also achieved, and the application effect test of the inspection system was conducted, the results showed that the overall patrol operation capability of UAV under image analysis algorithm had been significantly improved, the image recognition accuracy and the image classification accuracy had been relatively improved by 8. 52% and 8. 66% respectively, and the comprehensive patrol efficiency could reach 90. 72%. The system operated stably, and all parts cooperated well, which would improve the patrol operation level of UAV orchard, and would be conducive to the deep development of intelligent agriculture. The image analysis algorithm concept would have potential inspiration and reference value for similar agricultural machinery design.