Abstract: By consulting relevant materials and conducting research, this paper introduces the role of energy-saving and emission reduction technologies for agricultural machinery in modern agriculture. At the same time, the application of agricultural machinery energy-saving and emission reduction technology in modern agriculture was also analyzed. Finally, the development strategy of agricultural machinery energy-saving and emission reduction technology in modern agriculture was elaborated in detail. Suggest increasing policy support, guiding agricultural producers to apply new energy technologies, promoting energy-saving agricultural machinery and equipment, optimizing agricultural production models, improving equipment energy efficiency, improving collaborative innovation mechanisms, strengthening agricultural scientific and technological innovation, valuing talents, and strengthening the cultivation and introduction of advanced agricultural machinery talents.