Abstract: In agricultural production pesticide spraying technology remains a crucial means to control pests, diseases, and weeds, ultimately enhancing crop yields. The performance of pesticide spraying directly influences the efficacy of pest control, making the study of crop protection machinery spraying performance testing technology of utmost importance. This paper comprehensively analyzes the methods and techniques for the full-process performance testing of pesticide spraying, including atomization performance, transport process performance, and deposition process performance. Looking ahead, future research will focus on aspects such as intelligence and automation, multimodal comprehensive testing, interaction between simulation and measurement, and adjusting pesticide dosage based on phenotype models. These efforts aim to drive innovation and development in crop protection machinery spraying performance testing technology, providing more scientific and precise technical support for agricultural production.