Abstract: In recent years, fresh agricultural products e-commerce has developed rapidly, and growth of fresh agricultural products sales through e-commerce has become an important way to revitalize rural industries and increase farmers' income．However, high loss rate of fresh agricultural products has been a serious constraint to development of e-commerce sales model．Taking Pear Country Pear Source Fruit and Vegetable Farmers' Cooperative in Laiyang City of Shandong Province as an example, field research on status and causes of its loss formation in process of e-commerce transactions was conducted．Through statistical analysis, processes and reasons for loss of Laiyang pear were sorted out, and research data was horizontally compared between loss rates of each process, calculating proportion of losses in each process．Analysis showed that agricultural product losses in e-commerce transactions mainly occured in harvesting, sorting, warehousing, and distribution stages, with warehousing and harvesting stages accounting for a larger proportion of losses．Therefore, post harvest management of fresh agricultural products should further strengthen standardization and information construction, and reduce loss rate of harvesting, storage, and distribution process of fresh products through different measures．