Abstract: Herbicides glyphosate plays a vital role in agriculture，forestry and people′s daily life.It aims to clear weeds by inhibiting 5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate，which can impede biosynthesis of aromatic amino acid.Earlier toxicity tests showed that glyphosate had related biological toxicity to non target organisms.So people′s concern about impact of glyphosate on human health had increased.Effects of glyphosate and Roundup which is the most widely used commercial herbicide nowadays on organism were summarized by consulting relevant literature.Mechanism of glyphosate toxicity to plants and animals was analyzed，which provided basis for research on gene toxicity and carcinogenic effects of glyphosate in the future.