铁碳复合材料催化内电解技术处理模拟农村铅污染水体效果

潘碌亭; 王九成; 韩悦

doi:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.z1.035

铁碳复合材料催化内电解技术处理模拟农村铅污染水体效果

同济大学现代农业科学与工程研究院，上海 200092

基金项目: 十一五国家科技支撑计划项目（2009BAC57B01）。

计量
- 文章访问数: 1125
- HTML全文浏览量: 0
- PDF下载量: 623
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2015-05-10
- 修回日期: 2015-10-17
- 发布日期: 2016-01-30

Study on characteristics of catalyzed internal electrolysis treating simulated rural lead pollution water

Modern Agricultural Science and Engineering Institute, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China

摘要

摘要: 为考察基于新型铁炭复合填料的催化内电解技术处理模拟农村铅污染水体的特性，该文采用单因素试验设计和八因素三水平（考虑交互作用）正交试验设计，研究了初始pH值（1.0～8.0）、反应时间（10～90 min）和曝气量（0～12 L/h）对Pb2+去除效果的影响。结果表明：初始pH值从1.0升高到8.0，铅（Pb2+）去除率先缓慢上升后急剧降低；反应时间从10 min提高到60 min，Pb2+去除率稳步上升，继续延长至90 min，去除率趋于稳定；曝气量从0增大到12 L/h，Pb2+去除率先快速增加后缓慢降低；3个因素对Pb2+去除效果的显著影响大小依次为：曝气量＞初始pH＞反应时间，最佳反应条件是：初始pH值3.0、反应时间60 min、曝气量6 L/h。按照一级动力学模型对反应阶段进行拟合，采用电子扫描显微镜（scanning electron microscope，SEM）观察了反应前后铁炭填料表面形态和结构变化，并利用X射线衍射（X-ray diffraction，XRD）分析了反应后溶液组分，推断得出催化内电解去除铅的机理是氧化还原和化学沉淀。当初始Pb2+浓度为1.0 mg/L，在最佳试验条件下，处理后Pb2+浓度降至0.037 mg/L，满足《地表水环境质量标准》（GB 3838-2002）Ⅲ类水体限值要求。研究结果可为农村铅污染水体修复提供理论和设计依据。
- 重金属 /
- 污染 /
- 试验 /
- 催化内电解 /
- 农村铅污染水体 /
- 作用机理
Abstract: Abstract: Lead may cause a series of health problems which ranged from behavioral problems, learning disabilities to seizures or even death. The conventional treatment methods adopted for removing lead from wastewater included chemical precipitation, electro-chemical reduction, ion exchange process and adsorption method. However, these methods had certain disadvantages, such as high cost, technical sophistication, generation of sludge, or other waste products that needed to be processed. Therefore, it was necessary to research and develop a treatment method which had the advantage of relative high efficiency and low operating cost. On the basis of above considerations, an emerging lead removal system, namely, the catalyzed internal electrolysis based on advanced ferric-carbon filler, was applied to treat lead-containing wastewater, especially the lead pollution water in rural areas. To investigate the effect of catalyzed internal electrolysis based on advanced ferric-carbon filler treating water that simulated lead pollution in rural area, this study adopted single factor experimental design and orthogonal experimental design that included eight factors and three levels, making study on initial pH(1.0~8.0), reaction time(10-90 min) and aeration quantity(0-12 L/h). The results showed that the removal rate of Pb2+ rose slowly at first and then dropped sharply when pH value rose from1.0 to 8.0. The removal rate of Pb2+ rose steadily when the reaction time increased from 10 min to 60 min and tended to be stable when the reaction time kept extending to 90 min. The removal rate of Pb2+ rose sharply at first and then dropped slowly when aeration quantity increased from 0 to 12 L/h. The influence of the three factors on removal efficiency of Pb2+were as follows: aeration quantity>initial pH value>reaction time, the best reaction condition occurred when the initial pH value was at 3.0, the reaction time was 60 min and aeration quantity was 6L/h. This paper fitted the reaction stage according to the first-order kinetic model, observed the surface feature and structure changes of the ferric-carbon filler before and after the reaction by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and analyzed the components of solution after the reaction by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and inferred that the mechanism for catalyzed internal electrolysis removing lead was oxidation-reduction and chemical precipitation. In optimum experimental conditions, the concentration of Pb2+ could fall to 0.037 mg/L after treatment when initial Pb2+ concentration was 1.0 mg/L, which could meet the requirement on limiting value of the case-Ⅲ water specified in Environment Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838-2002). This research results may provide theoretical foundation and design basis for the remediation of the lead pollution water in rural areas.
- heavy metals /
- pollution /
- experiments /
- catalyzed internal electrolysis /
- lead pollution water in rural areas /
- action mechanism

HTML全文

参考文献(31)

[1]	Zhang Enlou, Liu Enfeng, Shen Ji, et al. One century sedimentary record of lead and zinc pollution in Yangzong Lake, a highland lake in southwestern China[J]. Journal of Environment Science, 2012, 24(7): 1189－1196.
[2]	He Bin, Yun Zhaojun, Shi Jianbo et al. Research progress o heavy metal pollution in China: Sources, analytical methods, status, and toxicity[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2013, 58(2): 134－140.
[3]	Sun Hongfei, Li Yonghua, Ji Yanfang et al. Environmental contamination and health hazard of lead and cadmium around Chatian mercury mining deposit in western Hunan Province, China[J]. Transaction of Nonferrous Metal Society of China, 2010, 20(2): 308－314.
[4]	Martin F S, Federico P, Genine S, et al. Lead pollution in subtropical ecosystems on the SE Gulf of California Coast: A study of concentrations and isotopic composition[J]. Marine Environmental Research, 2008, 37(17): 2379－2389.
[5]	Liu Xiaozhen, Liang Yue, Luo Nanhong. Lead pollution research of resident children around some industrial park[J]. Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering A, 2012(2): 277－280.
[6]	Ren Huimin, Wang Jinda, Zhang Xuelin. Health risk assessment of lead pollution in inner-city environment in Shenyang, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Geochemistry, 2006, 25(Suppl): 56.
[7]	Lin Sihao, Wang Xiaorong, Yu Ignatius Tak Sun, et al. Environmental lead pollution and elevated blood lead levels among children in rural area of China[J]. American Journal of Public Health, 2011, 101(5): 834－841.
[8]	何绪文，胡建龙，李静文，等. 硫化物沉淀法处理含铅废水[J]. 环境工程学报，2013，7(4)：1394－1398.He Xuwen, Hu Jianlong, Li Jingwen, et al. Treatment of wastewater containing lead by sodium sulfide precipitation[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2013, 7(4): 1394－1398. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[9]	郑彤，杜兆林，贺玉强，等. 水体重金属污染处理方法现状分析与应急处置策略[J]. 中国给水排水，2013，9(6)：18－21.Zheng Tong, Du Zhaolin, He Yuqiang, et al. Analysis on current treatment method of heavy metal pollution in water bodies and emergency disposal strategy[J]. China Water & Wastewater, 2013, 29(6): 18－21. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[10]	冯涌. 聚磷污泥固定铅污染研究[D]. 南昌：南昌大学，2012.Feng Yong. Study on Pb Immobilization by Accumulated Phosphorous Sludge[D]. Nanchang: Nanchang University, 2012. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[11]	张少峰，胡熙恩. 泡沫铜电极脉冲电解法处理含铅废水[J]. 环境科学与管理，2011，36(12)：98－102.Zhang Shaofeng, Hu Xi'en. Disposal of lead wastewater by electrodeposition with foam-copper and pulse power[J]. Environmental Science and Management, 2011, 36(12): 98－102. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[12]	栗帅，查会平，范忠雷. 含铅废水处理技术研究现状及展望[J]. 化工进展，2011，30(增刊)：336－339.Li Shuai, Zha Huiping, Fan Zhonglei. Research status and prospects in treatment technique for Pb2+-containing wastewater[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2011, 30(Supp.): 336－339. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[13]	Agrawl A, Sahu K K. Separation and recovery of lead from a mixture of some heavy metals using Amberlite IRC 718 chelating resin[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2006, 133(1): 299－303.
[14]	Widner R C, Sousa M F B, Bertazzoli R. Electrolytic removal of lead using a flow-through cell with a reticulated vitreous carbon cathode[J]. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 1997, 28(2): 201－207.
[15]	Fu Fenglian, Wang Qi. Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters: A review[J]. Journal of Environmental Manage, 2010, 92(3): 407－418.
[16]	Sreejalekshmi K G, Krishnan K A, Anirudhan T S, et al. Adsorption of Pb(II) and Pb(II)-citric acid on sawdust activated carbon: Kinetic and equilibrium isotherm studies[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2008, 161(2): 1506－1513.
[17]	Wang Yin, Wang Xin, Wang Xuejiang, et al. Adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution to Ni-doped bamboo charcoal[J]. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2013, 19(1): 353－359.
[18]	张鑫. 纳米零价铁去除水中重金属离子的研究进展[J]. 化学研究，2010，21(3)：97－100.Zhang Xin. Research progress on removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution by nanoscale zero-valent iron[J]. Chemical Research, 2010, 21(3): 97－100.
[19]	Chen S Y, Chen W H, Shih C J. Heavy metal removal from wastewater using zero-valent iron nanoparticles[J]. Water Science and Technology, 2008, 58(10): 1947－1954.
[20]	天津大学无机化学教研室. 无机化学（第四版）[M]. 北京：高等教育出版社，2010：533－534.
[21]	同济大学. 铁碳微电解填料的制备方法[P]. 中国专利：2009 10198816.9，2010-05-12.
[22]	国家环境保护局. 水和废水监测分析方法（第四版）[M]. 北京：中国环境科学出版社，2002：324－326.
[23]	丰凯，顾颖颖，马鲁铭. 催化铁/混凝法预处理酸性化工废水pH变化规律及混凝最佳工况研究[J]. 水资源与水工程学报，2013，24(3)：50－53.Feng Kai, Gu Yingying, Ma Luming. Research on optimum coagulation conditions and pH variation of acidic chemical wastewater pretreated by catalyzed iron and coagulation process[J]. Journal of Water Resources & Water Engineering, 2013, 24(3): 50－53. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[24]	张默贺，叶正芳，赵泉林，等. 铁碳微电解预处理TNT红水[J]. 环境工程学报，2012，6(9)：3115－3120.Zhang Mohe, Ye Zhengfang, Zhao Quanlin, et al. Pretreatment of TNT red water by iton-carbon micro- electrolysis process[J]. Chinses Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2012, 6(9): 3115－3120. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[25]	吴傲立，鲍建国，龚珞军. 铁碳微电解预处理汽车电泳涂装废水[J].环境工程学报，2014，8(9)：3843－3847.Wu Aoli, Bao Jianguo, Gong Luojun. Pretreatment of auto electrocoating wastewater by Fe-C micro-electrolysis[J]. Chinses Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2014, 8(9): 3843－3847. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[26]	赖波，秦红科，周岳溪，等. 铁碳微电解预处理ABS凝聚干燥工段废水[J]. 环境科学，2011，32(4)：1055－1059.Lai Bo, Qin Hongke, Zhou Yuexi, et al. Wastewater from the condensation and drying section of ABS was pretreated by microelectrolysis[J]. Environmental Science, 2011, 32(4): 1055－1059. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[27]	孙亮. 内电解技术处理化工制药废水的效能与机理研究[D]. 天津：天津大学，2011.Sun Liang. Treatment of Chemical Pharmaceutical Wastewater and Mechanisms With Internal Electrolysis Technology[D]. Tian Jin: Tianjin University: 2011. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[28]	Tckin H, Billkay O, Ataberk S S, et a1. Use of Fenton oxidation to improve the biodegrade ability of a pharmaceutical wastewater[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2006, 136(2): 258－265.
[29]	Rangsivek R, Jekel M R. Removal of dissolved metals by zero-valent iron (ZVI): kinetics, equilibria, processes and implications for stormwater runoff treatment[J]. Water Research, 2005, 39(17): 4153－4163.
[30]	Melitas N, Chuffe-Moscoso O, Farrell J. Kinetics of soluble chromium removal from contaminated water by zerovalent iron media: corrosion inhibition and passive oxide effects[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2001, 35(19): 3948－3953.
[31]	Gaspar D J, Lea A S, Engelhard M H, et al. Evidence for localization of reaction upon reduction of carbon tetrachloride by granular iron[J]. Langmuir, 2002, 18(20): 7688－7693.