Abstract: In recent years, the building industry of China has expanded rapidly, however, construction materials such as the steel and cement are extensive used, which leads to serious environmental issues and energy consumption. As one of the fast-growing plants in the world, bamboo has been applied in civil engineering field for thousands of years. However, some disadvantages are exposed during the practice, such as thin-walled hollow and the diameter of bamboo culm decreases from the bottom to top. More importantly, the service life of bamboo structures generally does not exceed 3 years when the untreated bamboo exposure to natural environment. Recently, more and more attention are paid on the laminated bamboo lumber (LBL), which is considered as an alternative to wood because of its advantage of higher ration of strength to weight. Dowel connections including bolt, nail, screw and dowel are common types of connections in timber engineering for a large range of structural applications. Among them, nail connection is simple to produce and can be used for small as well as for large forces. Over the last decade, the use of LBL for modern bamboo structure has become increasing popular in China. LBL nailed connection which consisted of one middle member and two side members were introduced. A total of 85 specimens were tested in order to investigate the effect of parameters on capacity, deformation and failure modes of nailed connections, including end distance (e1), center-to-center distance (s), row spacing (r) and edge distance (e2). It was found that the mechanical performance of nailed connections was mainly determined by the end distance and center-to-center distance of nails, and the influence of row spacing and edge distance was relative small. The initial gap between the lead hole and nails tended to result in lower stiffness. Four failure modes were recorded, including compression failure at the nail hole, splitting, shear failure at the end and block shear. For e1 or s less than 6 times the diameter of nails (D), the nailed connections failed in shear failure at the end and splitting, respectively. For r less than 3D or e2 less than 4D, the connections failed in splitting and block shear, respectively. When nail spacing meet the minimum structural requirement, the nailed connections failed in compression failure of nail holes in the middle or side members, showing good ductile behavior. The ultimate load and yield load of specimens increased with the increase of nail spacing and kept constant as the nails spacing satisfied the minimum structural requirement. Many models had been proposed to quantify the load-displacement relationship of wood nailed connections, such as Folz's, Foschi's and Hassanieh's model. Using the regression analysis for comparing the three theoretical models, it was found that the Folz's model was more objectively reflected the load- displacement relationship of LBL nailed connections loaded parallel to grain. A good agreement could be observed between the Foschi's or Hassanieh's model and experimental results in the elastic stage, but great deviation of the theoretical results in the post-yielding stage increased gradually. The results provided useful information for modeling various bamboo structures containing LBL nailed connections.