Abstract: The development of the Camellia oleifera industry significantly guarantees the domestic safety of edible oil. The mechanized harvesting of Camellia oleifera greatly restricts the full mechanization development of Camellia oleifera industry. To overcome the shortcoming of low manual harvesting efficiency of Camellia oleifera fruit, the vibratory mechanized harvesting method is adopted with high harvesting efficiency. Existing studies have proved that the vibratory picking frequency directly affects the detachment of forest fruits. The establishment of the dynamics model of Camellia oleifera tree to calculate the trunk natural frequency, which will provide a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of vibratory harvesting machine for Camellia oleifera. According to the sympodial branching growth mode as well as the allometric growth law, an ideal fractal tree model of Camellia oleifera is investigated. The bifurcated basic unit is extracted from the fractal tree model. Based on the classic mass-spring analysis method, three dynamics models of the bifurcated basic unit for Camellia oleifera are deduced with point masses distributed at different locations. Consequently, the corresponding theoretical expressions of the first-order natural frequency are derived for three dynamics models. Taking Camellia oleifera (variety: Huaxin) in Hunan Province as an application example, the lateral branching ratio and the slenderness coefficient are identified by measuring the morphological parameters of the tree. Subsequently, the branch density and flexural elastic modulus are measured by water immersion method and three-point bending test respectively. The theoretical values of the first-order natural frequency for the bifurcated basic unit with different branching angles are calculated by substituting the identified tree parameters. Then, a finite element simulation model of the bifurcated basic unit for Camellia oleifera is created and the simulation value of natural frequency is obtained. In comparison with the simulated value and the theoretical frequency value, it is proved that the dynamics model with point mass equally distributed at both rod ends is the closest to the simulated model, which shows an average error of 7.3%. Finally, on the basis of the mathematical formula of the first-order natural frequency of the cantilever beam with point mass at rod top, an empirical calculation formula for the bifurcated basic unit is derived using the parameter identification approach. The error between the theoretical natural frequency from the empirical formula and the simulated value is the smallest with the maximum error 0.41%. The validity and accuracy of the empirical formula are verified. The research results can provide theoretical guidelines for the setting of vibration parameters of Camellia oleifera fruit vibration picking device.