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集成多维特征的长三角地区耕地利用稳定性评价

Evaluation of cultivated land use stability of Yangtze River Delta Region by integrating multidimensional characteristics

  • 摘要: 耕地利用的稳定性对于经济发达区的粮食安全、经济发展与生态平衡具有重大意义。该研究基于融合耕地数据,集成“数量结构-空间格局-利用情况”的三维度特征,构建耕地利用稳定性评价体系,以长三角地区为例,探究了该区域2000—2020年耕地利用稳定性的分区状况及其时空演化规律。研究结果表明:1)融合数据显示,2000—2020年间长三角地区耕地面积持续减少,上海市减少约49%,浙江省减少约30%,江苏省减少约19%,安徽省减少约18%。2)20年间各单维度稳定性均呈“北高南低”格局,但演变路径各异。数量结构在南部微弱增强,在北部显著下降;空间格局在北部地区显著提升;利用情况逐步形成“北聚高-中过渡-南聚低”的分布特征。3)根据耕地利用稳定性多维度特征,长三角地区适度优化区、优先提升区、潜在发展区和重点调控区占比分别为37.99%、9.42%、15.91%和36.69%,面对自然与人为的双重挑战及区域发展需求,应针对各分区主导问题实施差异化调控措施。该研究为耕地利用稳定性的多维度评价提出了新的研究视角,对于指导经济发达区稳定耕地保护与高效利用、推动农业现代化具有参考价值。

     

    Abstract: Cultivated land use stability is of great significance for the national food security, economic and ecological balance, especially in the context of the land degradation. Therefore, an emphasis has also been put on the multifaceted stabilization in the quantity, quality and layout of the cultivated land in China. Among them, the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) is one of the main grain-producing areas. In this study, a systematic synergy was proposed to evaluate the cultivated land use stability for the YRD in the period from 2000 to 2020. Three products of the land use were also fused, including China Land Cover Dataset (CLCD), China’s Annual Cropland Dataset (CACD), and Global Land-cover Product with Fine Classification System at 30m(GLC_FCS30D). The cultivated land data was firstly collected from the official statistical yearbooks and the Second National Land Survey. Secondly, the transition of the cultivated land use was combined with the ‘quantitative structure, spatial pattern and utilization’. A multi-dimensional evaluation was then constructed for the stability of the cultivated land use using the entropy weight. The scores of the districts and counties were calculated in the study area under three single dimensions. The stability of the cultivated land use was then partitioned at the district and county scales. Its spatiotemporal evolution patterns were finally obtained after evaluation. The results showed that: 1) The cultivated land area was ever decreasing using fusion data, with a decrease of about 49% in Shanghai, 30% in Zhejiang, 19% in Jiangsu, and 18% in Anhui. The fusion data was reduced the discrepancy between conventional cultivated land products and official statistics after spatial consistency analysis. The continuous data acquisition was realized on the small-scale cultivated land. 2) The stability of the cultivated land use was varied in the various single dimensions. But all of them generally showed the better stability in the northern part of the region, while the worse one in the southern. 3) According to the multi-dimensional stability of the cultivated land use, the counties were divided into four zones, namely the moderate optimization, priority enhancement, potential development and key regulation zone. The proportion was 37.99%, 9.42%, 15.91% and 36.69% respectively. Their spatiotemporal patterns show that the priority enhancement zones were tended to develop into the moderate optimization ones, while the key regulation zones were mostly transformed from the potential development ones. Therefore, the differentiated regulation should be implemented to overcome the dominant problems in each sub-region in the context of the dual challenges of the nature and human activities. This multi-dimensional evaluation of the cultivated land use stability can fully meet the needs of the regional development trend in the different stability zones. The finding can provide a strong reference to guide the stable protection and efficient use of the cultivated land in the agricultural modernization.

     

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