高级检索+

“五性”协同的“天-空-地-网”一体化耕地质量监测体系构建

Construction of an integrated "space-air-ground-network" cultivated land quality monitoring system based on five key characteristics

  • 摘要: 耕地质量监测是保障粮食安全和推进农业可持续发展的重要基础。传统监测方法存在数据获取效率低、覆盖范围有限、时效性不足等问题,难以满足对耕地资源精细化、动态化管理的需求。该文系统梳理了耕地质量的概念内涵,提出以连续性、抗逆性、高产性、稳产性、生态性为核心的“五性”监测理论框架,并构建了多维度耕地质量监测指标体系。在此基础上,依托卫星遥感、无人机、地面原位传感器、移动监测车与数据传输网络等多平台优势,设计了“天-空-地-网”一体化监测技术路径,形成多源异构数据融合的监测方案;同时,围绕数据集成与智能化应用目标,构建了耕地质量智慧监测预警平台技术架构,为提升耕地质量监测的全面性、精确性与时效性奠定了坚实基础。该体系可在国家、区域、地块和点位等多层级提供理论与方法支撑,并具备在高频、中频、低频等不同时间尺度下开展监测的能力。该文为实现耕地资源的精准保护与高效管理提供了理论依据与技术支撑,具有良好的推广前景。

     

    Abstract: Cultivated land quality monitoring is one of the most critical steps for the food security. The resource allocation of the cultivated land can be optimized to promote the sustainable agriculture. It is ever increasing pressure on the cultivated land resources, particularly with the global population, accelerated urbanization, and frequent extreme climate events. It is the urgent demand for the precise and dynamic monitoring of the cultivated land quality. However, the traditional monitoring can rely primarily on the field surveys and laboratory analysis. Specifically, the low data acquisition, limited coverage, insufficient timeliness, and high costs cannot fully meet the needs of the cultivated land protection in the modern agriculture. Alternatively, the remote sensing, ground sensors, and the Internet of Things (IoT) can be expected towards the high precision, intelligence, and three-dimensional monitoring in recent years. Satellite remote sensing can also offer the macroscopic perspectives, dynamic monitoring and long-term time-series analysis, suitable for the large-scale monitoring of the cultivated land quality. Among them, the aerial drones are ideal for the localized and detailed monitoring, due to their high resolution, low cost, and flexibility. Ground sensors can also provide the real-time data on the critical parameters, such as the soil moisture, nutrients, and salinity. The precise support can be expected to offer the quality monitoring of the cultivated land. The IoT technology can be utilized for the real-time collection, transmission, multi-source monitoring data, and intelligent management. However, the application of these technologies is still remained on the specific dimensions. It is also lacking on the systematic analysis of the conceptual connotation and the key characteristics of cultivated land quality. Additionally, the multi-source heterogeneous data can be expected to effectively integrate with the unified standards. Nevertheless, some challenges are related to the data scale mismatch, information redundancy, and high complexity on the data processing. Therefore, this study aims to construct a multi-source integrated, intelligent, and dynamic monitoring framework, according to the conceptual connotation and key characteristics of the cultivated land quality. Five key characteristics were proposed: continuity, resilience, high productivity, stable productivity, and ecological sustainability. A "Space-Air-Ground-Network" integrated monitoring was constructed to monitor the cultivated land quality. A systematic review was also made on the satellite remote sensing, aerial drones, mobile monitoring vehicles, ground sensors, and data transmission networks. According to the concepts of the cultivated land quality, the monitoring framework was also utilized to clarify the understanding of its core connotations. Furthermore, an integrated system of the "Space-Air-Ground-Network" was constructed to coordinate the monitoring at multiple scales, levels, and data sources. A technical architecture was also proposed for the multi-source heterogeneous data fusion. The data processing workflows were optimized to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring outcomes. In addition, a technical framework was designed for an intelligent monitoring of the cultivated land quality for the early warning platform, in order to realize the dynamic monitoring and smart management of the cultivated land. The finding can provide the theoretical support for the standardization, precision, and intelligent analysis of the cultivated land quality monitoring. A scientific foundation can be offered for the cultivated land protection and food security in the sustainable agriculture.

     

/

返回文章
返回