Abstract: This study presents the design and optimization of a fixed-type rubber tapping machine equipped with an innovative profiling depth control mechanism to address the persistent challenge of unstable cutting depth caused by irregular bark surfaces in natural rubber harvesting. The machine's architecture integrates several key components including a spiral transmission system, an end-effector assembly, a specialized profiling depth control device, a bark consumption adjustment mechanism, an adaptable binding system, and a drive control module. The profiling mechanism represents the core technological advancement, enabling dynamic adaptation to varying bark surface contours during operation. Through comprehensive analysis of rubber tree bark's layered structure and the precise cutting depth requirements necessary to maximize latex yield while protecting vital tree tissues, the research employs advanced three-dimensional laser scanning technology combined with reverse engineering techniques to create highly accurate models of bark surface irregularities. These surface variations are systematically categorized into distinct roughness levels to facilitate targeted simulation scenarios. The investigation utilizes ADAMS dynamic simulation software in conjunction with a carefully designed three-factor, three-level Box-Behnken experimental framework to thoroughly evaluate system performance across a range of operational parameters. These parameters include the profiling component's curvature radius ranging from 12 to 18 millimeters, tension spring stiffness values between 30 and 100 Newtons per meter, and torsion spring stiffness values from 10 to 30 Newton-meters per radian. Cutting depth qualification rate, defined as maintaining the actual cutting depth within ±0.5 millimeters of the target value, serves as the primary performance metric. Analysis of the simulation data reveals that torsion spring stiffness exerts the most substantial influence on cutting depth stability, followed by the profiling component's curvature radius and tension spring stiffness, with particularly notable interaction effects observed between curvature radius and torsion stiffness. The optimization process employing response surface methodology identifies an ideal parameter configuration consisting of a 12.35 millimeter curvature radius, 87.19 Newton per meter tension spring stiffness, and 10.04 Newton-meter per radian torsion spring stiffness, which theoretically achieves a remarkable 95.33 percent cutting depth qualification rate. Experimental validation of these optimal parameters yields a slightly lower but still excellent 94.16 percent qualification rate, demonstrating the robustness of the simulation model. Extensive field testing conducted on Reyan 73397 and Reyan PR917 rubber tree cultivars exhibiting moderate surface irregularities produces an average qualification rate of 91.77 percent, with only a 3.61 percent deviation from simulation predictions, further confirming the system's reliability under real-world conditions. The machine's compact design, cost-effective manufacturing with an estimated two to three year payback period, and demonstrated reduction in bark damage make it particularly well-suited for implementation in small to medium-scale rubber plantations. While the current design shows limitations when encountering highly irregular tree morphologies and in high humidity environments, ongoing development efforts are focused on enhancing system adaptability through the integration of intelligent control systems and visual recognition technologies, improving corrosion resistance, and further reducing production costs to facilitate widespread adoption. This research contributes significantly to the field of agricultural mechanization by providing a practical, economically viable solution for achieving consistent cutting depth in rubber tapping operations, thereby supporting the sustainable development of the natural rubber industry.