Abstract: To address the limitations of existing feeding equipment, such as fixed shore-based feeders and feeding boats, which have restricted feeding ranges and inconvenient pond transfers, this study optimizes the design of the feed-dispensing mechanism for pneumatic feeders. Pneumatic feeders utilize mobile carts to achieve flexible pond transfers and uniform feeding around the pond perimeter. The designed adjustable feed-dispensing mechanism ensures feed is distributed to the specified areas.The device incorporates an adjustable feeding mechanism, which enables precise feed dispensing within the required target range. Through this innovative design, the pneumatic feed dispensing vehicle not only improves feeding efficiency but also significantly enhances feed distribution uniformity, solving many of the issues faced by existing feeding devices in practical applications.To optimize the performance of the feeding mechanism, the researchers used EDEM-FLUENT coupled simulation technology to analyze the key parameters that affect feed dispersion. Specifically, the study selected four main design parameters: fan wind speed, the angle of the feeding pipe, the length of the feeding pipe, and the diameter of the feeding pipe, and conducted a series of single-factor experiments. The goal of these experiments was to determine the impact of each parameter on the feeding effect under different conditions, providing a basis for further optimization. Based on the data obtained from these single-factor experiments, the researchers conducted an orthogonal experimental design to select the optimal parameter combination. Finally, the experimental results were analyzed in-depth using response surface methodology (RSM), and key parameters were optimized.The study showed that when the fan wind speed was 16.1 m/s, the feeding pipe's angle was 9°, the feeding pipe length was 425 mm, and the diameter was 42 mm, the pneumatic feed dispensing vehicle achieved optimal feed coverage and uniform distribution within a 3 to 5-meter range, achieving the desired feeding effect. In actual prototype testing, the dispersion effect of the pneumatic feed dispensing vehicle was very close to the simulation results, with relative errors in coverage and uniformity within the feeding range being 5.4% and 6.5%, respectively. These small error ranges demonstrate that the pneumatic feed dispensing vehicle can effectively meet the requirements of precise and uniform feed dispersion within a set range, confirming the reliability of the simulation model and the feasibility of the experimental scheme.Through these designs and optimizations, the developed pneumatic feed dispensing vehicle is not only flexible in moving within shrimp ponds but also capable of precisely controlling the feed dispersal range and distribution, ensuring uniform coverage within the 3 to 5-meter range. This feature makes the feed vehicle adaptable to different shrimp pond requirements, especially in larger aquaculture farms that require larger feeding areas, providing a more efficient solution compared to traditional equipment.Moreover, the pneumatic feed dispensing vehicle also features multi-pond functionality, meeting the feeding needs of multiple ponds. Due to the vehicle's high flexibility and adjustability, farmers no longer need to purchase separate feeding devices for each pond, saving significant equipment investment and maintenance costs. At the same time, by adjusting parameters such as fan wind speed, feeding pipe length, diameter, and inclination angle, the pneumatic feed dispensing vehicle can be customized according to different farming environments and needs, ensuring optimal feeding performance.