Abstract: Mining activities in resource-based cities have profoundly influenced landscape patterns and aquatic ecological processes. While existing research mainly focused on the impacts of mining on individual aquatic ecological elements, lacking comprehensive analyses of aquatic ecological degradation from an integrated "sources-corridors" network perspective. This study, conducted in Changzhi City, Shanxi Province, employed methods including the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), InVEST 3.8.0, Fragstats 4.2, and water network pattern indices to construct a hydro-ecological ecological network and analyze its spatiotemporal evolution from 1990 to 2020. Then examined the spatial conflicts between mining activities and hydro-ecological sources and river corridors, and characterized the structural evolution and functional responses of the ecological network under mining disturbance. The results showed that: (1) The hydro-ecological network exhibited significant spatiotemporal evolution. Hydro-ecological sources were primarily concentrated in the eastern Taihang Mountains and western Taiyue Mountains, with a total area increase of 1273.14 km². Regional landscape fragmentation generally decreased, but displayed distinct spatial heterogeneity. Expansion in patch number and increased shape complexity dominated in the eastern ecological sources, while patch area consolidation and reduced fragmentation characterized the west. The area of river corridors increased, with the overall water surface ratio rising by 4.8%, predominantly in the mining-intensive central-south region. Stream network density attenuation was concentrated in low-order tributaries, whereas the regulation capacity of main streams notably improved, forming a contrasting pattern of tributary reduction and enhanced main stream regulation. (2) Mining disturbances triggered a cascading effect on hydro-ecological sources: "spatial intrusion — structural fragmentation — functional degradation". The overlapping area between mining zones and ecological sources continuously expanded, with a higher growth rate in the east. This intrusive disturbance exacerbated fragmentation within overlapping zones and diminished the capacity of water conservation. Notably, the difference of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) between overlapping zones and the overall eclogical sources was minimal; both exhibited an initial decline followed by an increase. This pattern was attributed to deep coal seams, the application of coal pillar support techniques, and the implementation of ecological projects like forest tending and degraded forest restoration. (3) Mining activities imposed compound stresses on river corridors: "spatial encroachment — runoff reduction — morphological alteration — connectivity decline". Spatially, 81 mines overlapped with river corridors, with the highest density in the Southern source of Zhuozhang River, where runoff attenuation exceeded 30%. Coal mining subsidence areas altered river morphology: 15, 21, and 8 subsidence areas were located on main stems, tributaries, and near-water isolated zones, respectively. This altered flow directions in sections of rivers like the Taoqing and Jiang Rivers, increasing flood risk in adjacent areas. While the topological connectivity index of the river network showed an overall increasing trend, localized degradation—including channel discontinuity and reduced water conveyance capacity—occurred in specific river segments. This highlighted a paradoxical pattern of enhanced macro-connectivity alongside impaired micro-connectivity within river corridors under mining disturbance. Mining activities drove water ecological network degradation through distinct pathways, necessitating differentiated strategies to coordinate resource development and ecological conservation.