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面向不同含水率的东北壤土离散元参数预测模型构建与验证

Construction and validation of the predictive model for DEM parameters of northeastern loamy soil at varying moisture contents

  • 摘要: 针对东北壤土含水率多变导致离散元参数标定繁琐的难题,该研究构建了一套高效的参数直接预测模型。首先通过物理堆积试验建立“含水率-宏观堆积角”关系模型(R2=0.98)。然后采用Box-Behnken试验设计,对商业软件EDEM和国产自研软件AgriDEM的关键接触参数进行标定优化,构建“堆积角-微观仿真参数”的映射关系(R2=0.99)。最终通过耦合上述模型,建立“含水率-仿真参数”直接预测模型。通过独立土壤直剪试验验证,结果表明,该预测模型能准确复现土壤内摩擦角随含水率增加而减小、黏聚力随之增大的物理规律,仿真与试验结果高度吻合,2软件的仿真误差为0.64%~7.19%。对比发现,国产AgriDEM软件的仿真结果在关键力学指标上与试验值吻合度更优,其内摩擦角(0.90%~4.52%)和黏聚力(0.64%~6.71%)的相对误差均小于商业软件EDEM(相对误差分别为0.80%~7.19%和4.78%~6.49%)。该研究成果不仅为变含水率土壤的离散元建模提供了高效、可靠的解决方案,也为国产农业工程软件的开发应用及相关耕作部件的优化设计提供重要的理论依据与数据支撑。

     

    Abstract: A prediction model has been limited to discrete Element method (DEM) parameters of the northeastern loamy soil at varying moisture contents. However, conventional single-point calibration has caused tedious and repetitive operation, due to highly variable soil moisture levels. In this study, an efficient and direct prediction model was constructed to simulate the mechanical behaviors of cohesive wet soils. A comparison was also conducted on the applicability, accuracy, and reliability of the self-developed Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) software, AgriDEM, and the widely used commercial software, EDEM. Physical experiments and simulations were employed for validations. Initially, physical stacking tests were conducted using the cylinder lifting at multiple moisture levels. A prediction was then constructed for the relationship between soil moisture content and the angle of repose. Subsequently, the Box-Behnken experiment was utilized to calibrate microscopic contact parameters, including the Hertz-Mindlin with Johnson-Kendall-Roberts (JKR) model in EDEM and the cohesive particle contact model in AgriDEM. The macroscopic angle of repose was selected to map the relationships between the angle of repose and microscopic parameters. Finally, a direct prediction model was established to link the moisture content with the parameters. This coupled model was then independently validated under various vertical loads using soil direct shear tests. The internal friction angle and cohesive force were evaluated between simulations and physical experiments. The results demonstrated that there was a highly significant quadratic polynomial relationship between the soil moisture content and the macroscopic angle of repose, providing for a reliable macroscopic target for parameter inversion. High-precision mapping relationships were established between the angle of repose and microscopic parameters—specifically, the JKR surface energy in EDEM and adhesion parameters in AgriDEM. A direct pathway was achieved from moisture content to parameters, indicating continuous parameter prediction under diverse moisture conditions. The direct shear tests validated that the high accuracy of the prediction model was achieved in AgriDEM software. The simulated moisture contents without the initial modeling were highly consistent with the physical measurement in the direct shear test. Both software platforms accurately reproduced the test. The internal friction angle decreased, while the cohesive force increased, as soil moisture content increased. Notably, the AgriDEM software exhibited a significantly higher degree of agreement with the experimental values in key mechanical indicators, compared with the commercial software EDEM. The relative errors for the internal friction angle and cohesive force also ranged of 0.90% to 4.52% and 0.64% to 6.71%, respectively, in AgriDEM, compared with the EDEM (relative errors of 0.80% to 7.19% and 4.78% to 6.49%, respectively). The parameters in the cohesive particle model were introduced for the maximum attraction adjustment and normal adhesion distance during separation. The adhesion force is maintained over an extended distance during particle separation, thereby indicating the plastic deformation, yield, and liquid bridge of wet cohesive soils. In conclusion, the direct prediction model can provide a highly efficient, reliable, and continuous parameter acquisition for the DEM modeling of soils under varying moisture conditions. The exceptional fidelity of AgriDEM software was validated to simulate the mechanical behavior of wet cohesive soils. These findings can offer robust data support for the agricultural engineering software and the adaptive optimization of machinery components in complete operational cycles.

     

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