Abstract: The sustainability of cultivated land use has become a major challenge for China in achieving its sustainable development goals. Clarifying the impact of urbanization on the supply-demand matching of multiple cultivated land functions (CLFs) is of great significance for achieving sustainable utilization of the cultivated land system. This study takes the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region as the study area, quantitatively measures the supply and demand levels of five CLFs, including grain production, water conservation, carbon sequestration, habitat quality, and landscape culture from 2000 to 2023. We also revealed the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of supply-demand matching for different types of CLFs and explored the impact of different types of urbanization on the supply-demand matching of these CLFs. The results showed that: ① During the study period, the grain supply and water supply of cultivated land exhibited higher in the north and lower in the south and higher in the south and lower in the north, respectively in the YRD region. Carbon sequestration showed a significant overall growth trend in the region. The high-value areas of habitat quality and landscape culture supplies were distributed in the southwest region of the YRD region and the eastern coastal region of Jiangsu, respectively. The demand levels for various CLFs have increased with the expansion of city size, and showed continuous strengthening trends in Shanghai, southern Jiangsu, and eastern Zhejiang; ② Small cities generally had a surplus supply of various CLFs, while megacities and supercities generally had a shortage of supply for various CLFs. Shanghai and southern Jiangsu showed significantly enhanced supply shortages for various CLFs; ③ Social urbanization has the greatest impact on the supply-demand matching of grain production, while economic urbanization has a higher impact on the supply-demand matching of carbon sequestration and landscape culture than other types of urbanization. Spatial urbanization and economic urbanization have higher impacts on the supply-demand matching of habitat quality. The interaction of different types of urbanization has a higher impact on the supply-demand matching of multiple CLFs than the impact of a single type of urbanization. This study aims to provide decision-making basis for promoting high-quality development of new-type urbanization and sustainable management of the cultivated land system in the region.