Abstract: A differential inverse transmission load testing system was constructed by carrying out the half-shaft transformation, sensor selection and calibration, equipment installation and debugging, taking the crawler rice combine as the test prototype. The load time history was preprocessed and the rain-flow cycle count statistics were carried out with the help of the road spectrum signal processing software, and the load spectrum and power consumption under each condition were obtained, which provided a theoretical basis for improving the structural design of the differential inverse transmission.