Abstract: With the in-depth exploration of the concept of ecological civilization, the establishment of the reserve is inevitable, but how to reasonably arrange the original residents in the reserve has become a key factor in the establishment of the reserve. In order to better promote the establishment of the reserve and the harmonious development of aborigines and the reserve, this paper takes the development of Taikuanhe National Nature Reserve as an example. Based on the investigation of the development status of the reserve and aborigines and the analysis of the problems and difficulties between the reserve and aborigines, this paper explores the balance between the development of Aborigines and the reserve, based on the principle of mutual benefit, Put forward relevant suggestions for indigenous people to better integrate into the development of protected areas.