Abstract: Hilly and mountainous areas are the main areas of soybean planting in Sichuan Province, and pest control is an extremely important operation in the process of soybean production. The mechanization degree of soybean plant protection in hilly and mountainous areas of Sichuan Province is relatively low, which severely affects the development of soybean industry. This paper discusses the present situation of soybean plant protection mechanization in Sichuan hilly areas, introduces the research status of hilly soybean plant protection machinery, points out some existing problems, and puts forward some suggestions according to the future development trend of hilly soybean plant protection mechanization.