Abstract: The popularization and application of cotton whole-process mechanized production technology can improve production efficiency, save costs, and have significant economic, social and ecological benefits. As an important strategic material in China, the demand for cotton is very large. Cotton production cannot keep up with the demand of the domestic and foreign in current stage, due to the restriction of various factors. This article introduced the key technology of the whole-process mechanized production technology of cotton in the Yangtze River Basin.