Abstract: In order to clarify the characteristic characteristics of Jiuliangyou 164, its characteristic characteristics and yield composition were analyzed based on its participation in regional trials of Fujian early rice late maturing group and late indica early maturing group in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The results showed that Jiuliangyou 164 has high yield, stable yield,wide adaptability, ordinary rice quality, moderate sensitivity to rice blast, white leaf blight, high sensitivity to brown planthopper, and moderate cold tolerance during heading. It is suitable for early rice planting in areas with mild rice blast in Fujian Province and late rice planting in areas with mild rice blast in double cropping rice areas such as Jiangxi Province, Hunan Province, Hubei Province,Anhui Province, and Zhejiang Province in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The yield structure analysis shows that the number of grains per panicle has the greatest contribution to yield increase and is the main factor for yield increase. The number of panicles 1 hm2has a greater contribution to yield increase and is an important factor for yield increase. The contribution of thousand grain weight and seed setting rate to yield increase is small. Therefore, the key to high-yield cultivation of Jiuliangyou 164 is to cultivate large panicles and full ears.