Abstract: The experiment of straw ripening agent in wheat maize rotation mode was applied to explore the effects of continuous application of straw ripening agent on the ripening speed of wheat and maize straw, diseases and pests of wheat and maize, yield and geographical characters of tillage. The results showed that the application of straw ripening agent could accelerate the ripening of straw. The application of straw ripening agent for three consecutive years has obvious control effect on diseases and pests of maize and wheat. The application of straw ripening agent can reduce the fixation of soil available phosphorus and available potassium, activate soil phosphorus and potassium, and increase the content of soil available phosphorus and available potassium. It can effectively increase the content of organic matter and total nitrogen in soil. It has little effect on soil pH value, and the soil bulk density decreases slightly. The application of straw ripening agent can improve the yield of wheat and maize, and has certain economic benefits.