Abstract: Experts of modern Japanese agricultural machinery scholars believe that the Yangma in the Northern Song Dynasty is the origin of Chinese transplanter. In the 1980 s, there was a point of view in the domestic agricultural books and periodicals that Yangma was a single equipment for pulling seedlings. In this paper, the ancient literature of Yangma is carefully combed and verified. It is believed that Yangma is a primitive transplanter created by ancient Chinese rice farmers, which mainly transplants rice seedlings and has three functions of pulling and distributing rice seedlings.