Abstract: Camellia oleifera is a common high-yield economic crop in the south of China. Its planting economic value, edible value,industrial production value and medical value are very high. There are many factors affecting the growth of Camellia oleifera. It is necessary to strengthen targeted the prevention and control of diseases and pests, improve the yield and quality of Camellia oleifera through tending management, and ensure the healthy and sustainable development of Camellia oleifera industry. This study focused on the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests of high yield Camellia oleifera, such as anthracnose, black spot, gray spot,white star disease, biston marginata, camellia oleifera leaf blight moth, coir raincoat moth, and carry out the management research on the young and mature forests respectively.