Abstract: Aftosa is a zoonotic disease caused by Aftosa virus, which is called "Disease No. 5" in China. Usually, most even-toed ungulates are susceptible to infection, and the significant clinical manifestations are blisters in the mouth, foot and hoof, and breast. The virus has seven serotypes, the common ones being O, A and Asian I, all of which are very susceptible to mutation. This paper introduced the clinical symptoms, pathological changes, prevention and control difficulties, prevention and control priorities and other epidemic prevention and control measures, providing scientific prevention and control countermeasures for the prevention and control of foot-and-mouth disease, and has reference value for the healthy development of animal husbandry.