Abstract: In order to raise public awareness of Wuliangsu Lake and its ecological importance, and promote the conservation and sustainable use of water resources within and outside the region, feasible strategies to mitigate the impact of human activities on the ecosystem of Wuliangsu Lake were explored by analyzing changes in the demand for arable land and water resources due to population growth and agricultural expansion, and assessing the impact of fertilizer and livestock waste on the water quality of Wuliangsu Lake.