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青藏高原脆弱生态修复与保护研究——以高寒草地为例

Study on Fragile Ecological Restoration and Protection of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau——A Case study of Alpine Grassland

  • 摘要: 青藏高原被称为最后一片"净土",但这片净土由于草地退化正面临着"秃顶"的危险。通过研究发现引起青藏高原草地退化的主要原因不是气候变化说和超载过牧说,而是过度开垦、牲畜践踏和鼠害肆虐。文章提出了修复青藏高原退化草地的方案,补播、施肥与围栏封育相结合,鼠害防治,科学养畜。通过这些办法,增加退化草地的生物多样性和生物数量,提高土壤肥力,维持草畜动态平衡,进而修复青藏高原高寒草地脆弱的生态系统。

     

    Abstract: Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is called the last "pure land", but this pure land is facing the danger of "baldness" due to grassland degradation. In this paper, it was found that the main cause of grassland degradation in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was not climate change and overgrazing, but over-reclamation, livestock trampling and rodent infestation. In this paper, the scheme of restoring degraded grassland in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was put forward, which includes the combination of reseeding, fertilization and enclosure, the prevention and control of rodents and the scientific raising of livestock. Through these measures, the biodiversity and biomass of degraded grassland can be increased, the soil fertility can be improved, and the dynamic balance of grass and livestock can be maintained, so as to repair the fragile ecosystem of alpine grassland in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

     

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