Abstract: In order to explore the effects of different seedling holes and sowing time on the growth and quality of tobacco plants in the field, select the appropriate number of seedling holes and determine the reasonable planting time, a comparative test of 72 and128 well seedling cultivation was conducted in Huxi Township of Le’an County in 2023, and the material accumulation and quality of tobacco plants in the field period were measured. The results were as follows: First, in the early stage of the field, the growth and development of tobacco plants under the 72-well cultivation method had obvious advantages, and the dry matter accumulation of leaves in the cluster seedling stage was 28.1% higher than that under the conventional 128-well treatment, but the advantages gradually decreased with the growth and development process. At the maturity stage, the dry matter accumulation of leaves under 72-well treatment was 3.2% higher than that under 128-well treatment, and the final number of leaves under 72-well treatment was 0.5 ～ 1less than that under conventional 128-well treatment, but the maximum leaf length was increased. Second, the proportion of smoke in the middle of the 72-well treatment plant after roasting is lower than that of the conventional 128 well, and the yield is increased.Thirdly, the test results showed that the yield quality of the plant sown on December 29 was improved compared with that on December 22. Fourth, there was no significant difference in the structure and oil content of the middle leaves under different hole treatment,but the identity of the middle leaves under earlier sowing treatment was lower than that under later transplanting.