Abstract: The free-range laying hens in the forest belong to the green ecological cycle farming mode with large profit margin. However, as the open-range breeding mode of chickens in the forest is difficult to breed and manage, it is difficult to treat the disease in time and cause serious losses once it occurs. Therefore, breeding personnel need to attach great importance to it and adopt scientific methods and strategies for reasonable prevention and control. Based on the current situation of free-range hens in Yili River Valley,the prevention and treatment of common diseases of free-range laying hens in the forest were discussed.