Abstract: Based on briefly introducing the preparation principle of molecularly imprinted polymer(MIP) and the working principle of molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor(MIECS), the application of three kinds of electrode modification materials: carbon nanomaterials, magnetic materials, and conductive polymer materials in MIECS is reviewed. Carbon nanomaterials mainly involve graphene and its series derivatives, carbon nanotubes(CNT); magnetic materials In addition to the induction and comparison of the three electrode modification methods of coating, magnetic adsorption, and electropolymerization, it mainly introduces the methods based on traditional electrodes and Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Polymer(MMIP) modification based on magnetron electrodes; the synthetic methods of conductive polymer materials include chemical synthesis, electrochemical polymerization and microorganism-assisted polymerization. The characteristics of electrochemical polymerization are described emphatically. Finally, the development prospects and challenges of MIECS are highlighted.