Abstract: In order to improve the performance of the self propelled Ziziphus jujuba harvester’s picking device, based on the current structure and working principle of the picking device, the key components of the fan and bellows of the device were designed and optimized. Combined with field experiments, the optimal working parameters of the picking device were obtained. The final key component design optimization is determined as follows: the pickup fan model is 9-19-4.5A. The pickup bellows box is 500 mm long,300 mm wide, 345 mm high, with an inner diameter of 140 mm at the inlet and 185 mm at the outlet. The wall thickness of the box is4 mm, and the operating height of the box is 1 100 mm. And when the fan speed of the picking device is 3 054 r/min, the forward speed is 0.15 m/s, the height from the ground is 54.29 mm, and the width of the Ziziphus jujuba belt is 265.95 mm, the Ziziphus jujuba picking rate is 98.43%, reaching the optimal picking level.