Abstract: This paper briefly introduced the basic situation of watermelon and melon cultivation course in agricultural universities,and took the horticulture major of Xinjiang Agricultural University as an example, elaborated the specific content and existing problems in the teaching of watermelon and melon cultivation course, and strives to introduce practical teaching cases, change teaching methods, add mid-term examinations, add experimental sites and further optimize the course assessment system, etc, to improve the teaching quality of watermelon and melon cultivation.