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面向低碳村镇的可再生能源热电联供系统仿真与优化

Simulation and Optimization of Renewable Energy Cogeneration System for Low-carbon Villages

  • 摘要: 为促进中国农村可再生能源转型与绿色低碳发展,实现低碳村镇的新时期建设目标,以湖北省新星村为研究案例,基于农村用能需求及可再生能源资源禀赋分析,提出了一种风、光、生物质互补的可再生能源热电联供系统。以最低成本与最低平均电价为系统目标函数,以热电覆盖率及生物质利用率为系统评价指标,构建了基于HOMER Pro仿真系统的农村可再生能源热电联供模型,通过仿真分析与容量优化获得了新星村可再生能源系统的构建方案,即由功率674 kW的光伏、功率200 kW的风力发电机和功率500 kW的CHP热电联供机组及外部热源构成最佳系统框架,此时最低系统成本与电价分别为2.30×10~7元/a和0.986元/(kW·h)。进一步敏感性分析结果表明,电力负荷提高会导致系统成本及电价上升,名义折现率提高会降低成本但导致电价上涨,生物质日输入量对经济指标无影响。减排评估结果表明,相较于传统供能方式,系统年减排量达410.77 t,相当于新星村传统供能方式下年排放量的28.19%,减排效益明显。该可再生能源供能系统整体经济性与实用性良好,可为农村地区能源转型与低碳村镇的建设提供参考。

     

    Abstract: Promoting of renewable energy and low-carbon approaches in rural China has become essential to achieving the goals of low-carbon villages. Therefore, considering the Xinxing Village, Hubei Province as a case study. Based on the analysis of rural energy demand and renewable energy resources, a renewable energy cogeneration system integrated with wind, solar, and biomass energy was proposed. A rural renewable energy cogeneration model was established based on the HOMER Pro simulation system with the lowest cost and lowest average electricity price as the system objective functions, and the thermal power coverage and biomass utilization rate as the system evaluation indicators. The construction plan of the renewable energy cogeneration system in Xinxing Village was obtained through simulation analysis and capacity optimization, which consisted of 674 kW photovoltaic, 200 kW wind turbine, 500 kW CHP cogeneration unit and external heat source. Moreover, the lowest system cost and electricity price of renewable energy were 2.30×10~7 CNY/a and 0.986 CNY/(kW·h). Further sensitivity analysis results indicated that the increased power load could increase system costs and electricity prices. While increasing the nominal discount rate reduced costs but led to an increase in electricity prices. Daily biomass input had no impact on economic indicators. The emission reduction assessment results showed that compared with traditional energy supply methods, the annual emission reduction of the system reached 410.77 t, equivalent to 28.19% of annual emissions of traditional energy supply method in Xinxing Village. The overall economic and practical performance of this renewable energy supply system was excellent. The research result can provide a scientific reference for the energy revolution and the construction of low-carbon villages and towns in rural areas.

     

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